WEEK 4 ....GUADALUPE DOMINGUEZ...
We read and learned about early childhood and middle childhood in chapters 6 and 7. Chapter 6 focused on early childhood which takes place from ages 2 to 6, during this time physical and motor skills are achieve, also during this same time changes in the brain take place and social skills develop. During these years growth and development is still taking place but at a much slower pace than it did during infancy, but it is more elaborate and complicated.
Language gain is one of the major developmental events during these early years on a child's life. Children normally master the art of language by the time they enter first grade with no regular or strict formulated activities or any form of academic instruction in most cases. A child's vocabulary may be around 14,000 words, and are able to apply language in different conditions. Between the ages 4 and 5 children start to apply language rules, as are those rules of phonology, syntax , semantics and pragmatics. During these early years children have the potential to develop receptive and expressive language. Receptive language focuses on what a child can understand vs. expressive language concentrating in what a child can get across and fluently speak to others. Just as articulation originates children may make malfunction of it. A challenging abnormality children face is over-extensions and that is when they generalize based on what they know , meaning that is they know what a doggy is, they will connect the characteristics of the dog to that of other animals who look very similar and will assume it is also a "dog". Children can also go through over-regularization, it takes place when a child applies what they have learned about language. The book gives a clear example in page 141, it says " Sometimes children's levels of understanding are more advanced than their language ability , so instead of saying , "that dog licked me" a young child may say , " I got tongued!" their meaning is still clear" (LifeSmart.2011) .
Another important topic cover on this chapter is the different parenting styles and how each has a different outcome when it comes to shaping children. Family has a powerful impact on a child , all members play a very important role: parents, siblings , and any other family members who are actively involved in the child's life. The reading touches on the different parenting styles that are authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and careless parenting. Authoritarian parenting is that when parents are oppressive and want children to do what they say with no explanation, no questioning and immediately. Authoritative parents expect children to follow rules and behave good but they also value the children's needs and wants, they will encourage and answer children's questions as well as explain why a certain behavior is expected but they will always reinforce rules. A permissive parent is that who allows children to make decision and persuades them very little if nothing at all. in the other hand we have the careless parenting style, parents are very unaware of kids and don't really care, the communication may be minimal. Siblings play a very important role in a children's development, the benefit for older children is that they may take care of younger siblings which gives them the understanding of the needs of others, while the little ones can benefit in a good or bad way depending on the modeling behavior of the older siblings.
Chapter 7 covers many important areas of development of children during middle childhood such as physical and cognitive. In the reading we are introduced to Gardner and the different intelligences. Gardner's theory opposes the conventional idea of what is intelligence. over time it has been taught that either one is born smart or not, but here we are introduce to a more broad and different perspective. The theory is composed of 8 different areas. The first one is linguistic and it implies making very good use of words and language to get across any ideas. The second one is musical and it implies been able to play an instrument, sing or have any other music knowledge and sensitivity. The third is mathematical and it deals with numbers and operations. Spatial is the fourth area that focuses on been able to represent objects in 3D. The other four are naturalist, intrapersonal, interpersonal and bodily-kinesthetic . Another topic covered in chapter 7 is morality and it's importance since the middle years of childhood. The goal is for children to become kind, wise, courageous and virtuous. moral development implies thinking , feeling and behaving in a certain way that is consider normal in ones culture according to rules and norms. Piaget impacted Kohlberg's theory on moral development, the theory has three levels composed of two stages each with a total of six stages. The first level is called preconventional, the second is conventional and the third is postconventional. During middle childhood children normally fall on the preconventional stage , the conventional stage emerges during early adolescence years and the last stage postconventional is usually after adolescence.
I truly believe the concept of receptive and expressive language is very accurate and real, I can relate the concepts to my toddler who is 20 months. I truly believe that she can understand much more than what she can get across to me. I can deduct that she understand what I say or ask because she responds not always by answering back in a linguistic speaking manner but with actions many times. There are times when I ask my toddler to do a specific task and she is able to do it. I may also ask her a question and she may answer me one or two words but her body language and certain clues let me conclude that she understands much more than what she can get across by speaking. I think this is very fascinating for they understand so much if we just pay close attention. I also think this can arise a problem of frustration for a toddler or a baby as they may be trying to get something across but are not been understood. I find the concept fascinating.
As a future educator a topic that stands out to me is that of the different intelligences. I embrace this theory for I believe not all children are smart in the same way, I believe each has a different gift.It is very important as educators to have a more open and broad spectrum of what it means to be smart and embrace all the different types in an effort to make all children acquire the most knowledge possible in that pertaining their natural intelligence.
Language gain is one of the major developmental events during these early years on a child's life. Children normally master the art of language by the time they enter first grade with no regular or strict formulated activities or any form of academic instruction in most cases. A child's vocabulary may be around 14,000 words, and are able to apply language in different conditions. Between the ages 4 and 5 children start to apply language rules, as are those rules of phonology, syntax , semantics and pragmatics. During these early years children have the potential to develop receptive and expressive language. Receptive language focuses on what a child can understand vs. expressive language concentrating in what a child can get across and fluently speak to others. Just as articulation originates children may make malfunction of it. A challenging abnormality children face is over-extensions and that is when they generalize based on what they know , meaning that is they know what a doggy is, they will connect the characteristics of the dog to that of other animals who look very similar and will assume it is also a "dog". Children can also go through over-regularization, it takes place when a child applies what they have learned about language. The book gives a clear example in page 141, it says " Sometimes children's levels of understanding are more advanced than their language ability , so instead of saying , "that dog licked me" a young child may say , " I got tongued!" their meaning is still clear" (LifeSmart.2011) .
Another important topic cover on this chapter is the different parenting styles and how each has a different outcome when it comes to shaping children. Family has a powerful impact on a child , all members play a very important role: parents, siblings , and any other family members who are actively involved in the child's life. The reading touches on the different parenting styles that are authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and careless parenting. Authoritarian parenting is that when parents are oppressive and want children to do what they say with no explanation, no questioning and immediately. Authoritative parents expect children to follow rules and behave good but they also value the children's needs and wants, they will encourage and answer children's questions as well as explain why a certain behavior is expected but they will always reinforce rules. A permissive parent is that who allows children to make decision and persuades them very little if nothing at all. in the other hand we have the careless parenting style, parents are very unaware of kids and don't really care, the communication may be minimal. Siblings play a very important role in a children's development, the benefit for older children is that they may take care of younger siblings which gives them the understanding of the needs of others, while the little ones can benefit in a good or bad way depending on the modeling behavior of the older siblings.
Chapter 7 covers many important areas of development of children during middle childhood such as physical and cognitive. In the reading we are introduced to Gardner and the different intelligences. Gardner's theory opposes the conventional idea of what is intelligence. over time it has been taught that either one is born smart or not, but here we are introduce to a more broad and different perspective. The theory is composed of 8 different areas. The first one is linguistic and it implies making very good use of words and language to get across any ideas. The second one is musical and it implies been able to play an instrument, sing or have any other music knowledge and sensitivity. The third is mathematical and it deals with numbers and operations. Spatial is the fourth area that focuses on been able to represent objects in 3D. The other four are naturalist, intrapersonal, interpersonal and bodily-kinesthetic . Another topic covered in chapter 7 is morality and it's importance since the middle years of childhood. The goal is for children to become kind, wise, courageous and virtuous. moral development implies thinking , feeling and behaving in a certain way that is consider normal in ones culture according to rules and norms. Piaget impacted Kohlberg's theory on moral development, the theory has three levels composed of two stages each with a total of six stages. The first level is called preconventional, the second is conventional and the third is postconventional. During middle childhood children normally fall on the preconventional stage , the conventional stage emerges during early adolescence years and the last stage postconventional is usually after adolescence.
I truly believe the concept of receptive and expressive language is very accurate and real, I can relate the concepts to my toddler who is 20 months. I truly believe that she can understand much more than what she can get across to me. I can deduct that she understand what I say or ask because she responds not always by answering back in a linguistic speaking manner but with actions many times. There are times when I ask my toddler to do a specific task and she is able to do it. I may also ask her a question and she may answer me one or two words but her body language and certain clues let me conclude that she understands much more than what she can get across by speaking. I think this is very fascinating for they understand so much if we just pay close attention. I also think this can arise a problem of frustration for a toddler or a baby as they may be trying to get something across but are not been understood. I find the concept fascinating.
As a future educator a topic that stands out to me is that of the different intelligences. I embrace this theory for I believe not all children are smart in the same way, I believe each has a different gift.It is very important as educators to have a more open and broad spectrum of what it means to be smart and embrace all the different types in an effort to make all children acquire the most knowledge possible in that pertaining their natural intelligence.
Great insight. There is a psychologist name Baumrind that did a lot of research on the attachments of children. Baumrind displayed the importance of a secure bond between parent and child and the benefit of consistency. Children being anxious and missing parents is still a very normal part of that secure bond.
ReplyDeleteGuadalupe,
ReplyDeleteI completely agree with your comments regarding receptive v. expressive language. As children learn language, we sometimes underestimate how much they understand because they do not respond to us with words. However, their actions and ability to respond physically to commands we give shows us that their receptive language abilities far exceed their expressive ones at a young age. I agree that this must be very frustrating for them too! Even as adults, sometimes it’s frustrating to discuss highly technical topics when we haven’t mastered the necessary terms to express ourselves clearly. Language is such a fascinating area of development in children and to witness stark differences like that of receptive and expressive language at this age is so intriguing!
I love the quote you mentioned from Lifesmart: "Sometimes children's levels of understanding are more advanced than their language ability , so instead of saying , "that dog licked me" a young child may say , " I got tongued!" their meaning is still clear." Children are very smart, they absorb everything they hear. Their language develops by correcting them. The next time a dog licks them they remember that moment when you taught them. Language is very fascinating to see during the young years of childhood.
ReplyDelete